Let's face it: we can't travel anywhere in the world without running into a potential infestation of bed bugs. There was a time, in the period stretching from the 1930s through the 1980s, that developing nations didn't have to worry about such invasions from the insect world. But, since the 1980s, the tables have turned and the bed bug infestation rates have risen again. Before, developing countries had the most to worry about, while modern countries could take a free ride in the worry department. Now, however, with the growing popularity of, and affordable cost of, travelling internationally, coupled with other reasons such as pesticide tolerance buildup and new control methods that have failed, these pests are making a comeback. At the time of their decline in the 1930s, it was cited that DDT, which was used to eradicate cockroaches, and wider usage of vacuum cleaners, were the reasons for this decline.
Cimex lectularius, otherwise known as the common bed bug, is most known to find human habitats to their liking. These are making their homes in temperate climes everywhere. In the tropics, the species Cimex hemipterus also likes chickens, bats and other flying feathered animals. In both western Africa and throughout South America, Leptocimex boueti love to feast on bats and people. Bats are the food choice of the Cimex pilosellus and pipistrella. In North America, the Haematosiphon inodora are after out for putting poultry on their menu.
These bugs are slippery, moving around during the night, and this makes them tough to pinpoint. They could go about their lives in deep, dark places completely unnoticed, and their offspring's eggs could go undetected in the seams of blankets, pillows and bed sheets. You'd have to go by outward signs to spot them, such as their fecal trails, blood splatters on the bed linens, and skin husks from their molting, if the bite symptoms don't get their notice first.
You can find bed bugs abiding by themselves, but as soon as a home is established, they all get together, preferring to hang out near where their meals do, such as by the bedside or the couches and chairs. Nests can be in a variety of places, but luggage, cars, furniture and those cluttered piles of clothing and trash are favorite haunts for these reddish-brown pests. You can also find their homes where other animals make themselves cozy, such as the nests of bats, rodents and birds. Where a bed bug is found, their eggs are not far away, sticking to whatever nearby surface suits their purposes, by a glue-like substance.
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